The USA is one of the most preferred study-abroad destinations for international students, especially Indian students, due to its world-class education, advanced research facilities, and flexible work-opportunity options. Among these opportunities, OPT and CPT play a major role in helping students gain practical work experience and shape their careers.
As Brainerrsoverseas, a leading study-abroad consultancy in Delhi, we help students understand these terms clearly and assist them in making informed decisions about studying and working in the USA.
OPT (Optional Practical Training)
OPT is a provision offered to international students studying in the US on an F-1 visa. It allows them to work temporarily in a job directly related to their field of study. The OPT full form is Optional Practical Training.
When a student has “opted” for OPT, the opted meaning is simply that the student has chosen to engage in practical training related to their academic program.
Types of OPT
1. Pre-Completion OPT
Students may apply for Pre-Completion OPT after completing one full academic year.
- They may work part-time during the academic year (up to 20 hours/week).
- They may work full-time during vacation periods.
2. Post-Completion OPT
This allows students to work full-time in the USA after completing their academic degree. This is the most commonly chosen form of OPT.
Duration & STEM Extension
- Students typically receive 12 months of OPT.
- Students in STEM programs may be eligible for an additional 24-month extension, increasing the total OPT duration to 36 months.
This makes the USA highly attractive to students pursuing courses in technology, science, and engineering.
CPT (Curricular Practical Training)
CPT is another form of work authorization for F-1 visa students. The CPT full form is Curricular Practical Training.
PT permits students to take part in internships, co-ops, training programs, or practical work that is a formal part of their curriculum.
Key CPT Features
- Must be directly connected to your field of study.
- Approved by your university’s international office or DSO.
- Can be part-time or full-time, depending on academic rules.
- Commonly used during the academic course for hands-on experience.
About the CPT exam
Many students search for the term CPT exam, but there is no such exam. CPT is not a test — it is simply a work authorization.
Difference Between OPT and CPT
| Feature / Aspect | CPT | OPT |
| Full Form | Curricular Practical Training | Optional Practical Training |
| Purpose | Part of curriculum; internship/co-op/training during studies | Practical work experience during or after studies |
| When it can be used | Only while enrolled in the program | During studies (Pre-OPT) or after degree completion (Post-OPT) |
| Who approves | University’s DSO | USCIS (requires formal application) |
| Work Authorization Document | No EAD required | EAD required |
| Hours Allowed | Part-time during term; full-time during breaks (depending on university rules) | Full-time for Post-OPT; part-time or full-time for Pre-OPT |
| Requirement of job offer | Yes — needed before CPT approval | No — job offer not required for application |
| Duration | Depends on course; too much full-time CPT may affect OPT eligibility | 12 months (36 months with STEM extension) |
| Curriculum Requirement | Must be part of your program curriculum | Not required to be part of curriculum |
Below is a clear comparison to help you understand both options:Documents Required for OPT and CPT
For CPT:
- Updated I-20 with CPT authorization
- Internship or job offer letter
- Training or internship details
- Registration in the course requiring CPT
- Additional university-specific documents
For OPT:
- Completed Form I-765
- Valid passport
- Active F-1 visa
- Latest I-94 record
- Updated I-20 with OPT recommendation
- Passport photos
- Application fee payment receipt
- Previous I-20 copies
Why OPT & CPT Matter: Benefits for International Students
- Professional exposure: Gain real-world experience in the U.S. job market.
- Better employability: U.S. internships and jobs significantly boost your CV.
- More time in the U.S.: Especially with the STEM extension.
- Internships + Jobs: CPT helps during your course; OPT helps after graduation.
- Career clarity: Experience helps students select the right specialization or career path.
When Should You Choose OPT vs CPT?
Choose CPT if:
- Your course requires an internship.
- You want work experience during your studies.
- You want to build your profile early.
Choose OPT if:
- You want full-time work experience after graduation.
- You want extended time in the U.S. workforce.
- You need flexibility in job choices.
Best Strategy for Many Students
Use CPT during your course for internships and OPT after completing your degree for full-time work.
How Brainerrsoverseas Helps You with OPT & CPT Planning
As experienced study abroad consultants in Delhi, Brainerrsoverseas provides end-to-end guidance:
- University shortlisting supporting strong OPT/CPT opportunities
- Course and career counseling
- Visa guidance and documentation
- Timelines for OPT/CPT applications
- University communication support
- Post-study career planning
- Guidance for STEM extension opportunities
We ensure you make the right academic decisions to maximize work opportunities in the USA.
FAQs
1. What is OPT in the USA?
OPT is Optional Practical Training, allowing F-1 students to work in the U.S. in a role related to their academic major.
2. What is OPT full form?
OPT full form is Optional Practical Training.
3. What is the meaning of opted?
Opted meaning refers to choosing Optional Practical Training to gain work experience in your field.
4. What is CPT in the USA?
CPT is Curricular Practical Training, allowing students to intern or work while studying as part of their curriculum.
5. What is CPT full form?
CPT full form is Curricular Practical Training.
6. Is there a CPT exam?
No, there is no CPT exam. CPT is a work authorization, not a test.
7. Can students work full-time on CPT?
Yes, students may work full-time depending on university approval and academic rules.
8. Is a job offer required for CPT?
Yes, a job or internship offer is required to apply for CPT.
9. Is a job offer required for OPT?
No, a job offer is not required when applying for OPT.
10. Does OPT require USCIS approval?
Yes, OPT must be approved by USCIS, and students must receive an EAD before working.
11. Can a student apply for both OPT and CPT?
Yes, students can use both CPT and OPT at different stages of their education.
12. How long can a student stay on OPT?
Students can work for 12 months, and STEM students may receive an additional 24-month extension.
13. Does CPT require an EAD?
No, CPT does not require an EAD since the authorization is granted by the university.
14. Which is better — OPT or CPT?
CPT is ideal for internships during study; OPT is best for full-time work after graduation.
15. How does Brainerrsoverseas help with OPT/CPT guidance?
We assist with course selection, documentation, application timelines, and career planning related to OPT and CPT.